[Valmont]

Give this to your teacher. I don't think you'll understand everything although I did my best to keep it simple and straightforward. Just ask what you want to know.

By the way, I needed to split up theAlphabet initialization because something goes wrong with copying to this board. But you can make it just one line, or leave it like this.

 #include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

//Optional function: depends on IDE. void wait_for_enter();

//The world we are talking about. const unsigned CHARS = 52;
string theAlphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvw" "qyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOQRSTUVWXYZ";
unsigned theAlphabetCount[CHARS]={0};
string sSentence;

//Core functions.  void menu();
void count_chars();
void print_stats();

int main()
{
   menu();
   count_chars();
   print_stats();
   
   wait_for_enter();
   return 0;
}

//////////////////////////////////////////////// void wait_for_enter()
{
  cout << "press <enter> to continue...";
  // Reset failstate, just in case.
  cin.clear();
  string line;
  getline( cin, line);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////// void menu()
{
   cout<<"Enter a sentence please (CTRL-Z/D to abort):"<<endl;
   while( !(getline(cin, sSentence)) || sSentence.size()==0 )
   {
      //If CTRL-Z/D then exit: we don't want to enter anything. if(cin.eof())
         break;
      cout<<"Something went wrong, or you didn't enter a sentence. Please try again."<<endl;
      //Just in case.
      cin.clear();
   }
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////// void count_chars()
{
   for(unsigned i=0; i<sSentence.size(); ++i)
      for(unsigned j=0; j<CHARS; ++j)
         if( sSentence.substr(i,1) == theAlphabet.substr(j,1) )
            theAlphabetCount[j]++;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////// void print_stats()
{
   cout<<"\t\tTHE STATISTICS"<<endl<<endl;
   cout<<"\t\t--------------"<<endl<<endl;
   cout<<"\t\tAnalized sentence: "<<sSentence<<endl<<endl;
   cout<<"\t\tChar:\tCount:"<<endl;
   
   for(unsigned i=0; i<CHARS; ++i)
      if(theAlphabetCount[i] > 0)
         cout<<"\t\t"<<theAlphabet[i]<<"\t"<<theAlphabetCount[i]<<endl;
}